What is Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia?
It is a type of Blood Cancer which affects children. The Disease can be cured easily, if early
treatment of all is started. The success rate of treatment is 99{aab61a477b0a49598417aa730735cb22fb0cf0f20dbe6c4103fd3d99c6258be7} with Chemotherapy.
The cost of treatment of this disease is $30000 in American Standard hospitals in India.
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Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
1. Induction Phase: 1 month and Chemotherapy
2. Bone Marrow Examination after 30 days. If Blast cells (Cancerous Cells) less than 5{aab61a477b0a49598417aa730735cb22fb0cf0f20dbe6c4103fd3d99c6258be7}
- If Blast cells (Cancerous Cells) less than 5{aab61a477b0a49598417aa730735cb22fb0cf0f20dbe6c4103fd3d99c6258be7}, Consolidation Phase of 5 months
(Chemotherapy on biweekly basis) - If Blast cells more than 5{aab61a477b0a49598417aa730735cb22fb0cf0f20dbe6c4103fd3d99c6258be7} , then the line of treatment will be decided accordingly.
3. Mechanism of Treatment
The Lymphoblasts are immature cells which typically differentiate to form mature
lymphocytes or WBC in the bone marrow. In the Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia, the
lymphoblastic cells failed to mature into Lymphocytes or WBC. In the chemotherapy the
Lymphoblastic cells are the primary target.
However, Red Blood Cells, Lymphocytes (WBC) and Platelets are produced in Bone Marrow. Thus, chemotherapy also kill these cells of the body and putting patients on the risk of Anaemia, Low platelet count and Infections. Thus, hospitalization and putting patients on isolation wards is best for treatment initiation (where chemotherapy is administered daily).
There are also chances of known complications of chemotherapy during consolidation phase
but less in frequency.
Thus, platelet transfusion, IV antibiotics etc to control the known complications may need occasional hospitalization.
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